Limegarden.net Personal site of Wouter Lindenhof

Rewriting examples: Direct3D tutorial 1 with D3DVERTEXELEMENT9

A while ago a friend asked me how to do something with Direct3D (better known as DirectX) about streams. I really enjoyed it since it was sometime I have worked with my favorite 3D API and so I explained the usage of VertexDeceleration by rewriting the very first tutorial of Direct3D of which you can see the result below

#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")
#include <d3dx9.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "d3dx9.lib")

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
	static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("DirectXStreamExample");
	HWND         hwnd;
	MSG          msg;
	WNDCLASSEX   wndclassex = {0};
	wndclassex.cbSize        = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
	wndclassex.style         = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	wndclassex.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;
	wndclassex.cbClsExtra    = 0;
	wndclassex.cbWndExtra    = 0;
	wndclassex.hInstance     = hInstance;
	wndclassex.hIcon         = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
	wndclassex.hCursor       = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wndclassex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (BLACK_BRUSH);
	wndclassex.lpszMenuName  = NULL;
	wndclassex.lpszClassName = szAppName;
	wndclassex.hIconSm       = wndclassex.hIcon;

	if (!RegisterClassEx (&amp;wndclassex))
	{
		MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("RegisterClassEx failed!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR);
		return 0;
	}
	hwnd = CreateWindowEx (WS_EX_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
		szAppName,
		TEXT ("DirectXStreamExample"),
		WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
		CW_USEDEFAULT,
		CW_USEDEFAULT,
		640,
		480,
		NULL,
		NULL,
		hInstance,
		NULL); 

	ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow);
	UpdateWindow (hwnd);

	// Now setup DirectX
	IDirect3D9* d3d9 = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
	D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS presentParameters;
	memset(&amp;presentParameters, 0, sizeof(D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS));
	presentParameters.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
	presentParameters.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
	presentParameters.Windowed = true;
	IDirect3DDevice9* device = 0;
	d3d9->CreateDevice(0, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hwnd, D3DCREATE_MIXED_VERTEXPROCESSING, &amp;presentParameters, &amp;device);

	// Create our custom vertex format
	struct POSCOLORVERTEX
	{
		float X, Y, Z, W;
		DWORD color;
	};
	POSCOLORVERTEX vertices[] = {
		{150.0f,  50.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,0,0)},
		{250.0f, 250.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,255,0)},
		{ 50.0f, 250.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255)},
	};

	// Create a vertex decleration
	// Think of a vertex decleration as an object that describes a single custom
	// vertex.

	// 	typedef struct _D3DVERTEXELEMENT9
	// 	{
	// 		WORD    Stream;     // Stream index
	// 		WORD    Offset;     // Offset in the stream in bytes
	// 		BYTE    Type;       // Data type
	// 		BYTE    Method;     // Processing method
	// 		BYTE    Usage;      // Semantics
	// 		BYTE    UsageIndex; // Semantic index
	// 	} D3DVERTEXELEMENT9, *LPD3DVERTEXELEMENT9;

	// Example 1: Tutorial 1 of the DirectX SDK
	// using weighted position (aka screen coordinates) and colors but without
	// using the Fixed Pipeline
	D3DVERTEXELEMENT9 PosColorVertexElements[] = {
		{0, 0,  D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_POSITIONT,	0},
		{0, 16, D3DDECLTYPE_D3DCOLOR,	D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_COLOR,		0},
		D3DDECL_END()
	};

#if 0
	// Example 2: If you want to add UV it would become something like this:
	D3DVERTEXELEMENT9 PosColorUVVertexElements[] = {
		{0, 0,  D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_POSITIONT,	0},
		{0, 16, D3DDECLTYPE_D3DCOLOR,	D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_COLOR,		0},
		{0, 20, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT2,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD,	0},
		D3DDECL_END()
	};
	// Example 3: And if you want UVs first
	D3DVERTEXELEMENT9 PosColorNormalVertexElements[] = {
		{0, 0,		D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT2,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD,	0},
		{0, 8,		D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_POSITIONT,	0},
		{0, 8+16,	D3DDECLTYPE_D3DCOLOR,	D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_COLOR,		0},
		D3DDECL_END()
	};
	// Example 4: And if you want to send two UV's
	D3DVERTEXELEMENT9 PosColorNormalVertexElements[] = {
		{0, 0,  D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_POSITIONT,	0},
		{0, 16, D3DDECLTYPE_D3DCOLOR,	D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_COLOR,		0},
		{0, 20, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT2,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD,	0}, // Maps to TEXCOORD0 in shader
		{1, 28, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT2,		D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD,	0},	// Maps to TEXCOORD1 in shader
		D3DDECL_END()
	};
#endif

	IDirect3DVertexDeclaration9* vertexDecleration = 0;
	device->CreateVertexDeclaration(PosColorVertexElements, &amp;vertexDecleration);
	device->SetVertexDeclaration(vertexDecleration);

	// Create vertex buffer
	IDirect3DVertexBuffer9*  vertexBuffer;
	device->CreateVertexBuffer(
		3*sizeof(POSCOLORVERTEX),
		0,
		0,								// DON'T pass the FVF code if you are using vertex decleration
		D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,
		&amp;vertexBuffer,
		0);

	// Fill the vertex buffer
	void* pVertices = 0;
	vertexBuffer->Lock(0, sizeof(vertices), (void**)&amp;pVertices, 0);
	memcpy(pVertices, vertices, sizeof(vertices));
	vertexBuffer->Unlock();

	bool keepRunning = true;

	while(keepRunning)
	{
		// Render
		device->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0 );
		device->BeginScene();
		// Rendering of scene objects happens here
		// 1. Set the vertex decleration
		// 2. Set the stream source
		device->SetVertexDeclaration(vertexDecleration);
		device->SetStreamSource(0, vertexBuffer, 0, sizeof(POSCOLORVERTEX));
		device->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1);
		// End the scene
		device->EndScene();
		device->Present(0,0,0,0);

		if (PeekMessage(&amp;msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
		{
			if(msg.message == WM_QUIT) keepRunning = false;
			else
			{
				TranslateMessage (&amp;msg);
				DispatchMessage (&amp;msg);
			}
		}
	}

	vertexBuffer->Release();
	vertexDecleration->Release();
	device->Release();
	d3d9->Release();

	return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	switch (message)
	{
	case WM_DESTROY:
		{
			PostQuitMessage (0);
			return (0);
		}break;
	}
	return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}